What to Look for When Buying an E-bike

Published December 30, 2023 | By Gotscooters

What to Look for When Buying an E-bike

E-bikes, also known as electric bicycles, are becoming increasingly popular for transportation, recreation, and fitness. An e-bike is a bicycle equipped with an electric motor that provides pedal assistance or throttle power. This allows riders to travel further and faster with less effort compared to a traditional bicycle.

Types of E-Bikes

There are three main classes of e-bikes:

Class 1: Pedal assist e-bikes provide electric assistance only when the rider is pedaling. The motor cuts off at 20mph. These are the most common type of e-bikes.

Class 2: Throttle e-bikes provide pedal assist and also have a throttle to engage the motor without pedaling. The motor cuts off at 20mph.

Class 3: Speed pedelecs provide pedal assist up to 28mph before the electric motor cuts off. These are less common.

Within these classes, e-bikes come in different frame styles:

Road e-bikes resemble traditional road bikes with drop handlebars. They are lightweight and designed for efficient pedaling and higher speeds.
Mountain e-bikes have flat handlebars and fat trek tires to handle off-road terrain. Suspension helps absorb bumps.
Commuter/cruiser e-bikes have an upright riding position good for casual riding around town. Step-through frames make it easy to mount.
Cargo e-bikes are built to handle heavy loads on the frame or back rack. They are useful for carrying kids or gear.
Folding e-bikes collapse to a compact size for storage and portability when commuting on trains or storing in apartments.
Fat tire e-bikes have oversized tires that provide extra traction and shock absorption on snow, sand, or mud.
Specialty e-bikes include tandem, recumbent, and single-speed models to suit specific needs.

When choosing an e-bike, consider the terrain you plan to ride (on-road vs. off-road) and the purpose (commuting, exercise, hauling cargo). This will dictate the best frame style and features.

Benefits of E-Bikes

E-bikes provide many benefits that are expanding their appeal worldwide:

Requires less effort: The electric assist takes some of the work out of pedaling, reducing exertion and sweat when riding. You control the level of assistance.
Increases range: A regular cyclist may travel 30-40 miles in a day, but an e-bike can double or triple this range by eliminating fatigue.
Improves commute: An e-bike can cut commute times significantly versus cars in urban areas plagued by traffic. Less effort makes it practical to ride to work in professional attire.
Opens up new terrain: The electric motor helps riders tackle hills, headwinds, and off-road trails they may have difficulty with on a traditional bike.
Provides a workout: While less strenuous than a regular bike, e-bikes still provide a quality aerobic workout, especially when pedaling with less motor assist. It’s an exercise option for those with joint or mobility issues.
Fun factor: E-bikes can make cycling accessible and enjoyable for a wider segment of the population, regardless of age or fitness level. The power boost brings a smile to both beginners and seasoned riders.
Environmentally friendly: E-bikes produce zero emissions. Combined with reduced car trips, they help lower carbon footprints. E-bikes take up less parking space than cars.
Saves money: Riding an e-bike provides significant savings compared to driving a car when factoring in gas, parking, maintenance, and insurance costs. E-bikes have a much lower overall cost of ownership.

With all of these advantages, it’s easy to see why e-bikes are surging in popularity across the globe. They are truly revolutionizing personal transportation and recreation.

Choosing the Right E-Bike

With the variety of e-bike types and options available, it can feel daunting to choose the right model for your needs. Follow this guide when shopping for an e-bike:

Consider your riding style – On-road or off-road? Hills or flat terrain? Long distance or short rides? Match the e-bike type accordingly.
Think about usage – A short commute or running errands may suit a folder e-bike, while adventure rides call for a mountain e-bike. Will you attach accessories like panniers?
Compare motor and battery – More power and greater battery range mean increased speed and distance per charge at the cost of more weight. 250-500 watt motors with 10-15 amp hour batteries are common.
Test ride – Get a feel for fit, comfort, power delivery and handling by test riding any e-bike you’re considering. Try different motor assist settings.
Check frame size – E-bikes come in standard frame sizes just like regular bicycles. Choose a size appropriate for your height and inseam measurements.
Review components – Better quality brakes, derailleurs, tires, suspension and other components mean increased performance and durability.
Consider extras – Choose options like integrated lights and fenders if riding in the dark or rain. A suspension fork, bigger tires and disc brakes improve off-road handling.
Check reviews – Research reviews of specific models you’re interested in for insight into real world performance, issues and customer satisfaction.
Set a budget – E-bike prices span from around $500 for basic models up to $7000 or more for high-end e-bikes. Factor in any accessories and gear you may also need to buy.

Taking the time to consider your needs and research options will ensure you select the ideal e-bike for your specific situation. Don’t underestimate the value of test riding different e-bikes to make an informed buying decision.

E-Bike Cost

E-bike prices cover a wide spectrum, ranging from budget-friendly models under $1000 to high-performance e-bikes costing over $7000. In general, you can expect to spend:

$500-$1500 for a basic e-bike with lower capacity battery and motor and mechanical disc brakes.
$1500-$3500 for a mid-range e-bike with moderate power and battery range and hydralic disc brakes.
$3500-$7000 for a high-end e-bike with powerful motor and long battery life, premium components and features.
$7000+ for top-of-the-line e-bikes using latest tech like mid-drive motors, carbon fiber frames and integrated connectivity.

Factors impacting e-bike pricing include:

Motor power and battery capacity – More watts and amp hours cost more.
Frame materials – Aluminum alloy is economical, carbon fiber very expensive.
Suspension – Front or dual suspension adds cost.
Brakes – Disc brakes, especially hydraulic, add cost over rim brakes.
Gears – More/higher quality gears add expense. Internal hub gears cost more than derailleurs.
Accessories – Integrated lights, fenders, racks etc. also affect price.
Brand Name – Higher prices from premium brands like Specialized, Trek and Cannondale.

Consider both initial cost and long-term value when investing in an e-bike. Paying more upfront can mean better components that require less maintenance and last longer over years of riding. Test ride different models to find the best blend of price and performance for your budget.

Financing an E-Bike

While e-bikes can seem expensive compared to traditional bikes, there are financing options to help fund the purchase of a new e-bike:

Bike shop loans – Many local bike stores offer low interest loans through third party finance companies, spreading payments over 6-24 months.
Credit cards – A new e-bike can be charged to a credit card and paid off monthly. Compare rates across cards. Balance transfer cards often offer 0% APR periods.
Secured loan – Borrow against an asset like a house or car which serves as collateral. Interest rates are lower than unsecured loans.
Unsecured personal loan – Loans based on credit score alone tend to have higher interest rates and shorter repayment terms.
Buy now, pay later – Programs like Affirm let you split e-bike payments over 3-6 months with 0% APR as an alternative to credit cards.
Home equity loan – Leverage available equity in your home. Rates are low and terms up to 20 years means smaller monthly payments.
401(k)/IRA loan – Borrow from your tax-deferred retirement account and repay with interest. Consider tax implications.
Payroll deduction – If offered by your employer, set aside pre-tax funds each paycheck towards an e-bike until paid off.

Compare all financing options including fees, terms, tax implications and eligibility requirements. Weigh the overall cost when choosing a loan. While e-bikes are expensive, financing spreads the cost over time so the benefits can be enjoyed immediately.

E-Bike Safety

Riding an e-bike comes with some different safety considerations compared to regular bicycles:

Wear a helmet – Helmets are just as crucial when riding an e-bike, providing protection in a crash or spill. Choose a helmet that fits properly and meets safety standards.
Understand controls – Practice using the e-bike throttle and pedal assist settings in a safe area until the controls feel comfortable. Understand how to operate the brakes efficiently.
Take turns slowly – E-bikes handle differently from regular bikes when cornering at speed due to their weight. Slow down and don’t lean excessively when turning.
Charge safely – Use the manufacturer’s provided charger and don’t overcharge batteries. Don’t charge near flammable materials or leave charging unattended.
Check tires – Inspect e-bike tires routinely for tread wear and proper inflation, which is crucial for handling on trails or when carrying heavy loads.
Use lights – Most areas require a white headlight and red taillight when riding at night. E-bikes accelerate faster than regular bikes so visibility is imperative.
Learn traffic laws – Know the rules of the road and any e-bike specific regulations in your region. Ride defensively as many motorists are unfamiliar with e-bikes.
Brake early – Allow longer stopping distances with e-bikes’ added weight. Wet conditions also impact braking. Gently squeeze brakes and don’t jerk the wheel when braking hard.

Practice safe riding habits and perform regular maintenance to prevent injuries and accidents when enjoying your new e-bike. Take a safety course if new to cycling. Additionally, consider safety accessories like mirrors and bells when riding an e-bike.

E-Bike Laws

E-bike laws, regulations and classification vary across states, so it’s important to understand your local rules before riding an electric bicycle:

Some states follow the federal three class system – Class 1, 2 and 3 with different rules regarding speed, power assist, and use of throttle. Others have adopted simpler laws. Check your state’s exact definitions.
Many areas require e-bike riders to be 16 years old or older. Some ban child passengers. Age may impact whether a helmet is legally mandated.
States differ on whether an e-bike is considered a motor vehicle subject to licensing, registration and insurance. Most exempt e-bikes from these requirements but check locally.
Operation on bike paths, trails and sidewalks also varies. Many permit lower speed Class 1 and 2 e-bikes but ban faster Class 3 bikes from off-street paths.
Several states allow higher speed limits for Class 3 e-bikes (capable of 28+ mph) on roadways where regular bikes can also travel. Faster e-bikes may be restricted from bike lanes.
Most states prohibit tampering with speed limiters. Modifying an e-bike to exceed legal speeds typically makes it an illegal motor vehicle.
DUI laws involving cyclists generally apply to e-bikes. Riding while intoxicated can result in severe legal penalties similar to driving a car drunk.

Always ride responsibly, with safety in mind, and adhere to all local e-bike laws. Additional rules may cover night riding, passengers, equipment requirements like lights or reflectors, and where e-bikes can be ridden or parked. Stay up to date on the latest regulations.

Where to Ride an E-Bike

One of the joys of owning an e-bike is exploring all the amazing places you can ride it:

Bike paths and trails – Get off the road and enjoy cycling on dedicated paved and dirt trails running through parks, along rivers and beaches. E-bikes expand trail range.
Scenic byways – Cruise along winding backroads showcasing beautiful countryside vistas at an easy pace and distance not viable on a regular bike.
National and State Parks – Many parks allow e-bikes on specific unpaved roads and multi-use trails. Enjoy stunning natural scenery without climbing challenging hills.
Urban areas – Navigate city streets and bike lanes faster and without breaking a sweat. Lock your e-bike to racks and run errands.
Beach rides – Pack a picnic and pedal along the coastline for hours taking in ocean views, sea breezes and sunsets. E-bikes can comfortably cover shoreline distances.
Mountain roads – Gravel roads through forests and gently rolling foothills offer fun exploration away from heavy traffic.
Bike tours – Both private and organized bike tours enable you to travel further to scenic new destinations with an e-bike handling the extra mileage.

The important thing is to research where e-bikes are allowed and plan suitable routes. With an e-bike the possibilities are vastly expanded. Discover amazing settings visited only by e-bikers and hikers. Let the adventure begin!

Maintenance and Repairs

E-bikes have some unique maintenance needs compared to regular bicycles:

Tires & Wheels – Check tire pressure frequently. Inspect treads and rims for wear. Out of true wheels or low tread can lead to flats and compromise braking.
Brakes – Test regularly for proper pad depth, alignment and stopping power. Hydraulic brakes require bleeding when spongy feeling. Mechanical disc brakes need occasional cable lubrication.
Drivetrain – Clean the chain and lubricate every few hundred miles. Check for worn cassettes and chainrings which need replacement. Avoid excessive drivetrain noise.
Cables – Replace gear and brake cables periodically before rust and fraying can cause problems shifting and braking.
Motor & Battery – Clean around the motor casing and contacts. Check battery mount for looseness. Charge to 50-80% if storing long term. Register for battery warranty.
Controller – Keep contacts clean and connections secure. Check for error codes. Make sure firmware is updated.
Charger – Don’t damage the charger cord. Check output. Have a certified shop test annually to verify full recharge capacity.
Bolts & hardware – Routinely inspect for loose components and missing or rusty bolts critical to steering and braking. Tighten as needed.
Suspension – Keep front and rear shocks properly inflated and bolts tight. Service air shocks periodically.

Routine maintenance keeps e-bikes running smoothly and prevents more costly repairs down the road. Consider enrolling in a bike shop service plan for regular e-bike checkups by qualified mechanics.

E-Bike Accessories

One of the great aspects of e-bikes is being able to customize them with accessories to enhance comfort, functionality and performance:

Racks & Baskets – Rear racks, front baskets and panniers add cargo capacity to run errands and carry gear. Some e-bikes have these integrated.
Lights – Headlights and taillights improve road safety and visibility when riding at night or in bad weather.
Helmet – Quality safety helmets protect from head injuries in a crash. Models with mirrors and bluetooth can link to your smartphone.
Phone mount – Safely secure your phone to your handlebars for use as a GPS or bike computer for ride data.
Clipless pedals – Increase pedal efficiency on long rides. Don’t forget to also purchase special shoes with cleats.
Saddle – Extra gel padding and shock absorption improves comfort for riders susceptible to numbness or pain.
Tires – Knobby mountain bike tires provide more off-road traction. Road tires minimize rolling resistance on pavement. Tire studs add winter grip.
Child seat – Attach a rear child seat or pull-behind trailer to bring kids along for the ride.
Lock – Secure your e-bike with a quality U-lock or heavy chain lock when parked in public areas to deter theft.
Phone charger – An integrated USB charging port lets you top up your phone battery on long rides off the e-bike battery.

With the right accessories, you can optimize your e-bike for any situation from off-road adventures to everyday commuting. Invest in those that most enhance the experience and riding purposes for your e-bike.

E-Bike Insurance

Homeowners/renters insurance – Adds a rider to cover e-bikes against theft or damage. Verify coverage details as limits may be lower than a dedicated e-bike policy.
Umbrella insurance – Extra liability insurance protects against claims from at-fault accidents while riding your e-bike that exceed regular policy limits.
Motor vehicle insurance – In some states e-bikes falling under certain classes must be insured like regular motor vehicles. Check your local laws.
Roadside assistance – Some companies like Better World Club offer roadside assistance tailored for cyclists, covering issues like flats, dead batteries or breakdowns miles from home.

Consider coverage from vandalism, extreme weather, natural disasters and transit damage if transporting your e-bike. Read policies closely to avoid gaps in protection. Ensure you have adequate liability coverage in case an accident you cause injures another party or damages property. Price quotes from multiple providers to find the optimal balance of coverage and premiums for your e-bike.

Buying Used vs. New E-Bike

Purchasing a used e-bike can save money upfront compared to buying new, but comes with tradeoffs:

Cost – Used e-bikes are listed for 40-60% less than original MSRP on average. Significant savings for similar quality as a new model.
Wear – Check frame, tires, drivetrain and battery for signs of wear and tear or damage. Components may need replacing sooner.
Technology – New e-bikes offer the latest tech improvements that won’t be found on older used models.
Battery life – The battery may have reduced range and need replacing sooner than a new e-bike’s battery.
Warranty – Any original warranty likely expired so repair costs are not covered. Only consider used e-bikes still under warranty.
Test ride – Take any used e-bike on a thorough test ride to evaluate comfort, performance and condition before buying.
Certified pre-owned programs – Some brands certify and inspect used e-bikes, often providing a limited warranty. This minimizes risks of a private sale.

For buyers on a tight budget, choosing an older used e-bike can be a smart way to save money. But carefully inspect condition and understand potential replacement costs down the road vs. a new e-bike. Consider DIY refurbishment as a project.

E-Bike Rentals

Renting an e-bike lets you experience electric bicycles before committing to a purchase. It’s also practical for vacations or occasionally needing a bike:

Bike shops – Many shops now offer e-bike rentals from a few hours to a full week. Fees range from $25-$100+ per day depending on the model.
Guided tours – Take a multi-day e-bike tour of scenic areas and leave the logistics to the experts while riding the latest bikes.
Bike share programs – Major cities like New York now include e-bike options along with standard bikes at docking stations for short trips.
Private e-bike rental – Services like BoomBikes let you rent a high-end e-bike delivered to your door for day trips or longer rentals when traveling.
Outdoor recreation stores – National chains like REI rent e-bikes and deliver to local stores for day outings or multiday use on camping trips.
Race event rentals – Many organized e-bike races and fondo events provide bike rentals so you can participate without owning one.
Hotels & resorts – Leading mountain and beach resorts now offer e-bike rental fleets for exploring nearby trails, towns and attractions.

E-bike rental availability continues to improve across the country. Rent before you buy to identify the ideal e-bike model and features for your needs. Renting also provides e-bikes for one-time trips and family vacations.

E-Bike Clubs and Organizations

Joining local and national e-bike clubs is a great way to meet fellow riders, get news and advice, and find or organize group rides:

Meetup groups – Casual groups organized online via sites like Meetup to bring together local e-bike enthusiasts for group rides, troubleshooting advice, etc.
Cycling clubs – Traditional bike clubs that are expanding their scope to welcome and support e-bike riders with rides catered to both pedal and electric bikes.
Cargo bike clubs – Groups specifically for riders to share tips on hauling kids and gear by cargo bike or longtail e-bike. May include family-oriented events.
Electric bike associations – Nonprofit organizations focused on e-bike education, access, trail advocacy and responsible riding practices.
Mountain bike clubs – While not e-bike exclusive, MTB clubs are a good option for finding other off-road e-bike riders to join you on trails.
Regional clubs – Groups bringing together e-bike owners from a defined metro area or region sharing information on local laws, shops and events.
National organizations – Major cycling bodies like the League of American Bicyclists now include e-bike divisions and advocate nationally on e-bike issues.

The social benefits of clubs range from group discounts at e-bike shops to learning from seasoned e-bike commuters about bike security and safe city cycling. Look for a club matching your specific e-bike interests.

E-Bike Travel

E-bikes open up amazing possibilities for bicycle-based travel near and far:

Weekend road trips – Load your e-bike for RV/trailer, car or train trips to ride when you arrive in a new destination. Bring the charger.
Bikepacking – Trek into the wilderness for days or weeks with panniers carrying your camping gear on trails an analog bike couldn’t handle.
Touring – Travel cross-country stopping in towns to stay and recharge. Enjoy landscape vistas you would otherwise drive past.
Hotel day trips – Ride an e-bike from your hotel to explore attractions for further and longer around cities than on foot.
Guided tours – Join a group e-bike tour with sag support to highlights like wineries, national parks, or historical sites.
Bike share – Use convenient public e-bike share programs in cities worldwide for short trips and errands.
Air travel – Some airlines let you check your e-bike for a fee. Or ship it ahead. Swap the battery for air travel if removable.
RVs/campers – Tow your e-bikes so they are always available at campsites and alongside scenic highways to explore areas further.
Bike racing – Bring your e-bike to participate in organized century rides, gravel competitions, etc. across the country.

With an e-bike the travel possibilities are endless. Enjoy riding at destinations where a regular bike would require too much effort due to distance or terrain. E-bikes can transform the way you experience travel adventures.

E-Bike Racing

While relatively new, e-bike specific competitive events are emerging across cycling disciplines:

Urban racing – Bracket-style head-to-head races through city streets and bike lanes testing handling skills and power.
Ultra endurance – 100+ mile events through remote terrain testing stamina and strategy on long climbs and technical descents.
Time trials – Race against the clock over a set course with riders released at intervals. Aerodynamics play a role.
Criteriums – Short-course closed circuit races requiring strategy to gain position. Typically held in downtown areas.
Cross-country – Heats and finals on off-road courses with climbs, rocks, logs and other obstacles. Tests bike handling ability.
Downhill – Head to head downhill sprints on trails/paths testing speed management and skills over jumps and berms.
Gravel racing – Grueling 50-100 mile+ competitions over dirt, gravel and paved roads. Adjust power assist strategically.
Trail competitions – Obstacle course-style events over rugged wooded terrain. Balance and bike control are key.

Events range from sanctioned USA Cycling races to informal local competitions organized by shops and clubs. Check local listings for e-bike events to test your abilities against other riders on a course.

E-Bike Advocacy

E-bike adoption faces opposition from some cycling and environmental groups based on misconceptions. Advocacy is important for e-bike access and infrastructure:

Correct myths – Educate on e-bike classification systems and how properly ridden they integrate safely and compatibly into non-motorized spaces.
Promote trail access – Push for access to bike paths, lanes and MTB trails currently closed to e-bikes by citing studies on minimal trail impact/conflicts.
Support legislation – Get involved locally and contact representatives to promote e-bike friendly laws and regulations for classifications, licensing, trails use, etc.
Call for infrastructure – Advocate for e-bike accommodating road design and charging stations just like traditional bikes as sustainable transportation.
Partner with groups – Ally with hikers, disabilities advocates, bike groups, retailers etc. to bolster numbers and joint outreach promoting e-bikes.
Use media – Leverage social media campaigns, opinion pieces, videos, blogs and influencers to shape public and policymaker perceptions on e-bikes.
Commit volunteer hours – Donate time to trail maintenance days and serve on government active transportation committees representing e-bike interests.

Small individual efforts to correct misconceptions about e-bikes add up to make a difference. Expect resistance, but know that exposure and experience pave the way for greater e-bike acceptance over time.

The Future of E-Bikes

The e-bike industry is rapidly evolving with technological innovations in motors, batteries, components and smart features:

Improved range – New battery chemistries, regenerative braking and reduced weight will continue extending range. 200 miles on a charge will become commonplace.
Greater integration – Devices like e-shifters will simplify changing gears. Belt drives reduce maintenance. Hydraulic brakes enhance stopping power. Hidden cables clean up looks.
Smarter motors – More compact yet powerful hub and mid-drive motors will deliver smarter power assistance and gather usage data.
App connectivity – Via Bluetooth, apps can customize power delivery, track rides, diagnose problems, incorporate fitness metrics and more.
Charging advancements – Faster high-amperage charging will minimize downtime between rides. Portable chargers aid travel. Inductive charging will become mainstream.
Customization – Modular components will allow riders to swap parts to optimize bikes for different conditions. Third party add-ons will expand capabilities.
Lightweight materials – Carbon fiber frames, components and wheels shed weight while maintaining strength. Improved suspension offers a smoother ride.
Autonomous features – Some models incorporate self-balancing technology and collision avoidance systems taking rider assistance to new levels.

Constant improvements will expand e-bike versatility and usage scenarios. E-bikes are at the convergence of cycling, mobility and technology and are positioned to transform transportation worldwide.

Summing Up

E-bikes provide an exhilarating new way to ride. With electric pedal assist, riders can conquer hills, headwinds, and distances that previously seemed out of reach. Choosing from models like road, mountain, commuter, cargo and more allows you to pick the optimal e-bike for your needs. Take advantage of benefits ranging from less exertion to expanded range when commuting, exercising or adventuring.

Weigh factors including terrain, usage and budget when selecting an e-bike. Safety equipment like helmets and lights are a must. Understand your local laws. Consider insurance and ways to secure financing if needed. With routine maintenance, an e-bike should deliver years of reliable service. Accessories can enhance utility and comfort.

For many, the attraction of e-bike travel is discovering beautiful new destinations they can reach under their own power. E-bike clubs, races and advocacy help grow the e-bike movement. Legislative support and evolving technology promise an exciting future for e-bikes with limitless possibilities.

The e-bike revolution is in full swing. As the technology continues rapidly advancing, there has never been a better time to join in the fun and get pedaling on an e-bike.

5 FAQs about E-Bikes

E-bikes are still new to many people. Here are answers to 5 frequently asked questions:

Do I need a license to ride an e-bike?

In most states you do not need a license, registration or insurance to operate an e-bike. They are treated like regular bicycles under certain classes and speed limits. However, check your local laws.

Where can e-bikes be ridden?

E-bikes are allowed anywhere regular bikes can be ridden, including roads, bike lanes, paths and trails. Some exceptions exist like certain nature trails prohibiting motorized vehicles. Know the regulations for the areas where you plan to ride.

Is an e-bike a good choice for commuting?

E-bikes are excellent commuter vehicles. Their electric assist makes arriving fresh and sweat-free much more practical compared to a traditional bike. Faster speeds cut commute times. E-bikes provide big monetary savings over driving.

How far can an e-bike go on a full charge?

Range varies greatly from 15-175 miles depending on the model. Average figures are 20-50 miles. Range is impacted by power settings, rider weight, hills, wind, terrain and battery capacity.

Are e-bikes safe?

Like all bicycles, riding an e-bike comes with risks, but they are safe when operated responsibly. Wear a helmet, follow traffic laws, use lights at night, and limit speeds on mixed use paths. Take an e-bike safety course to hone riding skills. Understand proper braking distance.